Freshair 400 mg

Indication:

Freshair 400 mg is indicated for the treatment of-

• Bronchial Asthma: For the maintenance treatment of patients with asthma to prevent wheezing and difficulty breathing.
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Including chronic bronchitis and emphysema, to improve airflow and reduce symptoms of chronic cough.
• Reversible Bronchospasm: Management of acute episodes where the airway narrows.

Dogase & Adminstration:

Adults:

• Standard Dose: 400 mg twice or thrice daily.
• The dose may be adjusted based on clinical response and severity of the condition.

Children (Based on BNFC context):

• Above 6 years: 6 mg/kg to 9 mg/kg body weight twice daily.
• Example: For a 20 kg child, the dose would be 120 mg to 180 mg per dose.

Special Populations: Elderly patients or those with liver/heart disease may require a lower dose due to reduced clearance.

Note on Injection/Suppository: Doxofylline is not typically indicated in injection or suppository forms within the standard BNF/BNFC context for general use.

Administration: Doxofylline can be taken with or without food. It is typically taken twice or thrice daily to maintain consistent blood levels.

”রেজিস্ট্রার চিকিৎসকের পরামর্শ অনুযায়ী ঔষধ সেবন করুন”

Pharmacology:

• Mechanism of Action: Doxofylline is a novel methylxanthine that inhibits phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes, increasing intracellular levels of cyclic AMP. This action leads to the relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles, providing potent bronchodilation. Unlike theophylline, Doxofylline has a low affinity for adenosine $A_{1}$ and $A_{2}$ receptors, which accounts for its improved safety profile, specifically fewer stimulatory effects on the heart, brain, and gastrointestinal tract.
• Pharmacodynamics: It helps decrease the airway’s responsiveness to various stimuli, thereby preventing bronchospasm. Its distinct structure reduces the incidence of common xanthine-related side effects like tachycardia or insomnia.
• Pharmacokinetics: It is well-absorbed after oral administration with a half-life of about 6–7 hours. It is primarily metabolized in the liver and excreted through the kidneys.

Side Effects:

• Common: Nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, headache, and irritability.
• Serious (Rare): Palpitations or cardiac arrhythmias (much lower risk than theophylline).

Drug Interaction:

• Cimetidine & Erythromycin: May increase Doxofylline blood levels by inhibiting its metabolism.
• Ephedrine: Concomitant use with other xanthines or ephedrine may increase toxic effects.

Pregnancy & Lactation:

• Pregnancy: Animal studies indicate no fetal harm, but it should be used in pregnant women only if absolutely necessary.
• Lactation: Avoid use during breastfeeding if possible.

Over Dosage:

Symptoms include severe cardiac arrhythmias and tonic-clonic seizures. Treatment involves gastric lavage and supportive care.

Therapeutic Class:

Methylxanthine derivative; Bronchodilator.

Storage Conditions:

Store below at 30°C  temperature in a dry place. Away from light and out of reach of children. Do not use the medication after its expiration date.